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Christmas.
So
that’s me, at the top of the
page, looking suitably festive.
It’s
not exactly how I am feeling, however.
Christmas has come at a particularly
hard time for me this year, me being
a freelance writer, and freelance writing
being a notoriously uncertain trade.
I’m
broke.
I’m
so broke, in fact, that when a couple
of cheques arrived for me this week -
enough to cover my rent, never mind about
Christmas - I kissed them.
That’s
right folks, I have a heart-felt romantic
relationship with money.
Well
I could moan on about Christmas, and
the difficulties it presents to someone
in my position. But I won’t. Instead
I’ll remind you of the historical
origins of the festival.
You
think it’s about the birth
of Christ? Think again.
In
Roman times it was known as the Saturnalia,
and was a celebration dedicated to the
god Saturn, usually accompanied by massive
indulgence. Excess food, excess drink,
excess everything. That much hasn’t
changed.
Amongst the Celts it was the day-out-of-time
in their thirteen moon calendar. The Celts
held to a 28 day month, thirteen in the
year, with one left day over. That day
was the 25th December.
It
was Pope Gregory who introduced Christianity
to the English, some time in the late 6th
Century, through his missionary Augustine.
Augustine wrote to Gregory to complain
that, even after conversion, the English
still clung stubbornly to their traditional
customs. Gregory's response was typically
astute. Let the English keep their customs,
he said, but re-consecrate them to the
new faith. "If the people are allowed
some worldly pleasures in this way," he
wrote, "they will more readily come
to desire the joys of the spirit."
The
letter was signed and dated "the
seventeenth of June, in the nineteenth
year of the reign of our most pious Lord
and Emperor Maurice Tiberius Augustus."
Thus the traditional English mid-winter
pagan festival lived on, albeit in a Christianised
form.
But
the greatest threat to Christmas came
in the reign of James I in the 17th century.
Britain was going through a period of
instability. Social and economic forces
were combining to create a climate of cultural
change. Puritan thinkers were challenging
not only the primacy of the throne, but
also the institution of Christmas. They
argued that Christmas was pagan and popish
in origin, and should be abolished. The
King (as canny as Pope Gregory before him)
tied his own fortunes to those of the traditional
sports and pastimes of the English people. "And
as for Our Good People's lawful Recreation," he
wrote, "Our pleasure likewise is."
He
referred to this as the "Paradox
of State", the allowance of a period
of lawlessness as a buttress to the authority
of the State.
Later, in the reign of Charles I, the
Puritans won the argument, not to say,
the war. Charles was beheaded, and Christmas
was abolished. Christmas cake was declared
illegal. This is true, and an historically
verifiable fact. Christmas cake was once
considered as heinous a substance as hashish
is today. Which only goes to show, once
more, how dumb some laws are.
In
fact, Christmas has always constantly
reinvented itself. In medieval times it
was governed over by the Lord of Misrule,
who, for the twelve days of the Christmas
period (no more, no less) presided over
a state of lawlessness, a “World
Turned Upside Down”, in which the
common people had rights of redress over
their masters.
In Scotland the Lord of Misrule was known
as the Abbot of Unreason.
These
days, of course, it’s a festival
of consumerist excess, the main imperative
being - apparently - to spend as much money
as possible.
So
I’m with those people who bemoan
the loss of our traditional Christmas,
and its replacement with crass commercialism.
Bring
back the Lords of Misrule, that’s
what I say. Let’s turn the world
upside down again. |